The role of JAK inhibitors in treating inflammatory diseases: From rheumatoid arthritis to beyond: Examining the use of Janus kinase inhibitors in managing autoimmune and inflammatory conditions

Abstract

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for the management of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and atopic dermatitis. These inhibitors target the JAK-signal transducers and activators of the transcription signaling pathway, modulating immune responses and offering an alternative to traditional therapies, such as biologics and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK inhibitors are available in oral formulations, allowing for improved patient compliance and rapid onset of action. Despite their efficacy in controlling disease activity and enhancing patient quality of life, safety concerns, including risks of infections and thromboembolic events, remain significant. This review examines the mechanism of action, clinical applications, efficacy, safety profile, and future potential of JAK inhibitors in treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The promising outlook for JAK inhibitors, including emerging therapies and combination strategies, underscores the need for ongoing research to refine their role in clinical practice.