Infection Prevention and Control Practices in Hospitals: A Nursing Perspective

Abstract

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a key component of patient safety and quality care in hospital settings. Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) remain a major global health challenge, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a central role in implementing IPC practices and reducing infection transmission.

Objectives: This review aims to examine IPC practices in hospitals from a nursing perspective, highlighting key principles, nursing responsibilities, challenges, and strategies for improvement.

Methods: A narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies focusing on hospital-based IPC practices, nursing roles, and nursing-led interventions for reducing HAIs were included. Relevant data were organized thematically to summarize IPC principles, hand hygiene practices, use of personal protective equipment, education and training of nurses, and barriers to compliance.

Results: The review reported standard and transmission-based pre-cautions, consistent hand hygiene, proper use of PPE, and continuous nursing education as critical components of effective IPC. Common challenges included workload pressure, limited resources, insufficient training, and variable compliance among nursing staff.

Conclusion: Consistent application of evidence-based IPC measures, supported by ongoing education and institutional commitment, is essential to minimize infection risks. Strengthening nursing involvement in infection prevention strategies can significantly improve patient safety, quality of care, and overall hospital outcomes.