Evidence-Based Practice in Medical-Surgical Nursing

Abstract

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is a critical approach in medical-surgical nursing that integrates the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values to deliver high-quality, individualized care. This review outlines the foundational concepts of EBP, its application in clinical settings, and the steps involved in its implementation using the PICO framework. Key clinical areas such as pain management, wound care, medication safety, and pressure ulcer prevention demonstrate how EBP enhances patient outcomes and safety. Despite its proven benefits, several barriers—such as limited time, inadequate access to research, and insufficient training—hinder widespread adoption. The review highlights strategies to overcome these challenges, including leadership support, interdisciplinary collaboration, and continuous education. Case studies illustrate the real-world impact of EBP on patient care, while future directions point to the integration of technology and artificial intelligence to streamline EBP processes. A sustained commitment to evidence-based nursing is essential for improving healthcare quality, patient satisfaction, and professional practice in medical-surgical settings.