“Innovations in HIV treatment: The role of long-acting antiretrovirals examining the advancements in HIV therapy, particularly long-acting injectable antiretrovirals”

Abstract

The landscape of HIV treatment is undergoing a significant transformation with the introduction of long-acting antiretrovirals (LA-ARVs), offering a promising alternative to traditional daily oral regimens. This review examines the current advancements in LA-ARVs, focusing on their mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and potential to improve patient outcomes. LA-ARVs, such as cabotegravir and rilpivirine, delivered through injectable formulations, have demonstrated effective viral suppression with less frequent dosing, addressing challenges such as adherence and pill fatigue commonly associated with daily antiretroviral therapy. Clinical trials, including ATLAS and FLAIR, highlight their efficacy across diverse patient populations, with favorable safety profiles. Key advantages of LA-ARVs include enhanced adherence, reduced risk of drug resistance, and improved quality of life, particularly for individuals facing barriers to daily oral therapy. However, limitations such as high costs, the need for regular healthcare access, and long-term safety concerns present challenges to widespread adoption. Future developments in LA-ARVs, including next-generation drugs and expanded applications in preexposure prophylaxis, are poised to revolutionize personalized HIV care. As research progresses, LA-ARVs hold the potential to reshape the treatment paradigm, offering a more convenient and sustainable approach to managing HIV.